Adaptations in plants (ICSE 4th Class) Science Notes

 Adaptations in plants (ICSE 4th Class) Science Notes

A. Tick () the correct answer.

 1)      Plants in the plains with moderate rainfall shed their leaves in............

A)    Summer           B) Winter        C) Rainy season.        D) Spring

2)      Mangroves grow in

A) Deserts.            B) Hills            C) Marshy areas.        D) Sandy areas

3)      Duckweed is a/an

A)    Floating plant. B)  Underwater plant. C) Land plant.  D) Fixed plant,

4)      A cactus plant makes food in its

A) Stem                 B) Leaves.        C) Flowers.                 D) Roots

5)     An insectivorous plant among the following is

A)    Banyan.           B) Cactus           C) Venus flytrap.       D) Mango

B. Write True or False.

•      Plants that grow on land are called aquatic plants    (False) 

•      A coconut tree has a flexible trunk and large fronds that help it to bear strong winds. (True)

•      Plants-in hilly areas are cone-shaped. (True) 

•     In cactus plants flowers are modified into spines (False)

•    The leaves of the touth-me-not-plant release poison when touched. (False)

C. Match the columns.

1. Rubber              -       Coastal plains

2. Coconut             -       Evergreen tree

3. Pine                    -       Itchy plant

4. Spongy body      -       Cones

5. Poison ivy           -      Floating plant

Answers

1. Rubber                -      Evergreen tree

2. Coconut              -      Coastal plains

3. Pine                    -      Cones itchy plant

4. Spongy body      -      Floating plant

5. Poison ivy           -      Itchy plant

D. Give one-word answers.

1. Plants that grow on land – Terrestrial Plants

2. Trees that keep replacing their old leaves throughout the year – Evergreen Trees

3. Plants that have breathing roots – Mangrove Plants

4. Trees that grow in the hills have these instead of flowers - Cones

5. An aquatic plant that does not have stomata - Hydrilla

E. Write short answers.

Q1.  Define terrestrial plants.

Ans: Plants that grow on land are called terrestrial plants.

Q2. Why do plants in the plains with moderate rainfall shed their leaves in winter?

Ans: Plants in plains with moderate rainfall shed their leaves in winter to safe on food.

Q3. Why do mangroves have breathing roots?

Ans: The soils where mangroves grow are sticky and clayey. As the soil is cover with water, It's roots do not get air, so, to get air, the roots of mangroves adapt by growing out of the soil and water. So the roots of the mangroves are called breathing roots.

Q4 How do needle-like leaves help the plants in hilly areas?

Ans : The waxy needle like leaves of the trees in the hilly areas do not allow the trees to lose their water.

Q5 Why do insectivorous plants eat insects?

Ans: Insectivorous plants grow in soil that is poor in minerals they have adapted to their habits by trapping and feeding on insects to get the minerals they need.

F.  Answer these Questions

 

Q1 How do plants in the hills adapt themselves in order to live in the cold condition?

Ans: Trees in hilly areas have thick barks. They are tall, straight and cone Shaped. This shape allows snow to easily slip off the branches. The waxy needle like leaves do not allow the trees to lose their water. This is why the trees remain green even in the extreme cold. In place of flowers, these trees have cones with seeds inside them. These cones protect the seeds against the cold.

 

Q2 How does a cactus survive in deserts?

Ans: Most cactus plants do not have leaves as the leaves are modified into spires. This helps in reducing the loss of water. As there are no leaves, cactus plants make their food is stems. The green stems contain chlorophyll and makes food by photosynthesis. The stems have a thick, waxy skin that reduces the loss of water. The roots of cactus plants spread out wide in the soil. This helps them to absorbs water from a large areas.

 

Q3 What are the features of fixed plants that help them to live in water?

Ans: Their roots are fixed in the mud. The broad and flat leaves help the plants to float on the surface of water. The large leaves allow these plants to get enough air and sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. The stems are hollow and flexible, which allow the plants to bend with the flow of water

 

Q4 How does the poison ivy protect itself from being eaten by animals?

 Ans: To protect themselves from being eaten up the by animals, some plants such as the poison ivy 

have poison in them. If one touches them, the poison in them will make skin itch.

 

Q5 Explain how a Venus flytrap traps an insect.

Ans: The Venus flytrap has leaves that are folded into two halves. The leaves have hair along their edges. When an insect sits on a leaf and touches its hair, the leaf closes instantly, trapping the insect. The insect dies inside the folded leaves and the plants absorbs the nutrients from the dead insects